The Difference Between Managed Security Services and a Cybersecurity Program: What Decision Makers Need to Know

Author's note: Last month I explained the business case for developing a cybersecurity program. Feedback since then has convinced me to take a step back and focus more on explaining exactly what a cybersecurity program is. To help provide some context, I think it makes the most sense to draw the distinction between a cybersecurity program and managed security services as a whole, services which most professionals in our industry are familiar with. By comparing these two different concepts I hope I can bring more clarity to readers who may have less familiarity with the critical role that cybersecurity programs play in keeping users and data secure. 

In today’s evolving threat landscape, businesses are increasingly turning to cybersecurity providers for protection. However, not all security services are created equal. Some organizations seek out Managed Security Services Providers (MSSPs) to handle security operations, while others require a comprehensive cybersecurity program to strengthen their overall security posture. Understanding the distinction between these two offerings is crucial for decision-makers looking to secure their business effectively. 

What Are Managed Security Services (MSS)? 

Managed Security Services involve outsourcing the management and monitoring of specific security tools and technologies. MSSPs typically offer: 

• Firewall and network security management 

• Endpoint detection and response (EDR) services 

• Threat monitoring and alerting 

• Incident response assistance 

• Security patching and updates 

Through engaging an MSSP, companies gain access to specialized expertise and 24/7 monitoring without the burden of managing security infrastructure in-house. MSSPs traditionally focus on the operation of security tools rather than the overall security strategy of the organization. 

What Is a Cybersecurity Program? 

A cybersecurity program takes a holistic approach to security, ensuring an organization is not only protected but also prepared to meet compliance requirements, respond to incidents, and continuously improve security maturity. A cybersecurity program includes: 

• Framework-based security planning (e.g., NIST, CIS, ISO 27001) 

• Governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) management 

• Policy development and enforcement 

• Incident response and disaster recovery planning 

• Security awareness training and internal processes 

Unlike MSSPs, who focus on tool management, a cybersecurity program helps ensures an organization has the right policies, people, and processes in place to secure its operations effectively, today and tomorrow. 

Key Differences: MSS vs. Cybersecurity Program 

Why You May Need More Than Managed Security Services 

While managed security services can be an essential component of cybersecurity, focusing primarily on the management of tools and technology creates security gaps. Decision-makers should consider the following: 

• Are we prepared for an audit? An MSSP may help ensure that tools are configured correctly, but a cybersecurity program ensures that an organization is ready for external audits and compliance assessments. 

• What happens if our provider changes?  MSSPs often employ their own tools, meaning organizations could lose access to critical security infrastructure if they switch providers. A cybersecurity program ensures that security policies and practices remain in place regardless of provider changes. 

• Can we effectively respond to an incident?  MSSPs may alert an organization to threats, but a cybersecurity program ensures that incident response plans and disaster recovery strategies are in place to handle breaches effectively. 

• Are we making smart security investments?  MSSPs can manage day-to-day operations, but a cybersecurity program ensures an organization is allocating resources strategically to improve its long-term security posture. 

How to Choose the Right Approach 

For decision-makers, the choice between a hiring an MSSP or developing a cybersecurity program is not either-or—it’s about understanding what level of protection is required: 

• Companies with limited internal expertise may leverage an MSSP to handle daily security operations. 

• Businesses in regulated industries (finance, healthcare, etc.) need a cybersecurity program to ensure compliance. 

• Organizations with growing security needs may very well integrate both an MSSP and a well thought out cybersecurity program to maintain a proactive security posture. 

Conclusion 

Managed Security Services play a vital role in defending against cyber threats, but they are not a substitute for a well-defined cybersecurity program. Businesses that fail to establish a cybersecurity program may find themselves vulnerable to compliance failures, inadequate incident response, and misaligned security investments. 

For decision-makers evaluating their cybersecurity strategy, the key takeaway is clear: An effective security posture requires both strong operational security and a well-structured cybersecurity program. Ensuring your business has both in place is the best way to mitigate risks, maintain compliance, and prepare for evolving threats.